a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

_____0,2____0,4___________0,2 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

b, \(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)

c, \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

____________0,2__2/15 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}.56=\dfrac{112}{15}\left(g\right)\)

Số mol của 13 gam Zn:

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

            1     :   2      :     1      :      1 (g)

          0,2\(\rightarrow\) 0,4       :     0,2  :       0,2  (mol)

a,Khối lượng của 0,4 mol HCl:

\(m_{HCl}=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

b, Thể tích khí H2:

\(V_{H_2}=n.24,79=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)

\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Khối lượng của \(\dfrac{2}{15}\) mol Fe:

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{15}{56}}\approx7,5\left(g\right)\)

a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{9,916}{24,79}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\)

c, \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,4.95=38\left(g\right)\)

d, Bạn bổ sung thêm thể tích dd HCl nhé.

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Theo pt: \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=0,2\\27x+56y=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{470}\\y=\dfrac{37}{470}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{5,5}\cdot100\%=19,84\%\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-19,84\%=80,16\%\)

Gọi KL là R

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6(mol)\\ a,2R+6HCl\to 2RCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_R=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow M_R=\dfrac{10,8}{0,4}=27(g/mol)(Al)\\ b,n_{HCl}=1,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,2.36,5}{14,6\%}=300(g)\)

\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_X=27a+56b=11\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow a+1.5b=0.4\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.2\)

\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.4=0.8\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.8\cdot36.5\cdot100}{14.6}=200\left(g\right)\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{0.1\cdot56}{11}\cdot100\%=50.91\%\)

\(\%Al=49.09\%\)

\(a,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ c,n_{FeCl_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%\approx 22,93\%\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\overline{M}_X=\dfrac{2a+44b}{a+b}=2.6,25=12,5\left(g/mol\right)\)

=> a = 0,3; b = 0,1 

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

           0,3<--0,6<------0,3<---0,3

             CaCO₃ + 2HCl --> CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

                 0,1<----0,2<------0,1<----0,1

              CuO + 2HCl --> CuCl₂ + H₂O

                  x--->2x------->x

m_{rắn (sau pư)} = 0,3.127 + 0,1.111 + 135x = 62,7

=> x = 0,1 (mol)

m_A = 0,1.80 + 0,3.56 + 0,1.100 = 34,8 (g)

m_HCl = (0,6 + 0,2 + 0,2).36,5 = 36,5 (g)

=> \(m'=\dfrac{36,5.100}{14,6}=250\left(g\right)\)

- Thấy Cu không phản ứng với HCl .

\(\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Cu}=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

.x.......................................1,5x.........

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

.y....................................y.............

Theo bài ra ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y+6,4=17,4\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=5,4\\m_{Fe}=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\) ( g )

b, \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)

.......0,1.........0,2...............................

\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)

...0,2.......0,6..........................

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,2+0,6=0,8< 1\)

=> Trong B còn có HCl dư .

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

...0,2..........0,2....................

=> Dư 0,2 mol HCl .

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+0,2=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddB}=17,4+250-6,4-0,8=260,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{260,2}.100\%\approx2,8\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}\approx4,88\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}\approx10,26\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ....